In vitro direct organogenesis of the medicinal single-mountain local prioritized vulnerable Greek endemic Achillea occulta under different medium variants

Achillea species are of high medicinal value based on their use in traditional medicine and content secondary metabolites with potential application dermatology cosmetic industry. occulta is a single-mountain local prioritized vulnerable Greek endemic encountering propagation problems through seeds root division. In vitro can be used for the rapid mass production clonal plants complying phytochemical sanitary quality criteria. this study, several culture medium variants were tested including effect different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations 6-benzyladenine (BA), cytokinin types, agar concentrations, zeatin (ZT) sterilization methods shoot proliferation, as well auxin types rooting ex survival rate shoot-tip explants. The results showed BA was most preferable type evidenced by all proliferation attributes autoclaved ZT provided longer shoots. Therefore, two more promising cost-effective treatments 2.2 μM + 0.25 IBA or 4.4 0.5 after 21 days modified Murashige-Skoog (MS) (x2 Fe) enriched 20 g L-1 sucrose 6-7 Agar (90-93.8% formation, 2.7-2.9 shoots 0.4-0.6 cm long, 2.5-2.6 rates). Explants rooted better plain MS 2 1 α-naphthalene acetic (NAA) (13.3-20% rooting, 1-1.5 roots 1.8-2 long). NAA gave roots, while both auxins exhibited highest (13.33-20%) rates (50-66.7%).